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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*bu"k-tel- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"mature face="Times New Roman Star"çðåëûé face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ktel (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 325.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jub-ga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"bastard, adopted son face="Times New Roman Star"âíåáðà÷íûé, ïðèåìíûé ñûí face="Times New Roman Star"juvg|a (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 874, VEWT 209 (erroneously united with juvqa 'soft, weak').
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young face="Times New Roman Star"ìîëîäîé face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"je|s? face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|s? face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"jas face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s? face="Times New Roman Star"c?as face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, d/as? face="Times New Roman Star"c?as? face="Times New Roman Star"c?es? face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as? face="Times New Roman Star"z?as face="Times New Roman Star"jas face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?, z?as?, zas? face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, jes? face="Times New Roman Star"z?as face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 162, VEWT 192 (one of several *ja:l/ roots; within Turkic hardly distinguishable from *ja:l/ 'green vegetables; green', but historically different).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyl/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to rub, polish face="Times New Roman Star"òåðåòü, ïîëèðîâàòü face="Times New Roman Star"jys?- (Sib.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ys- face="Times New Roman Star"jys?- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 202, ÝÑÒß 1, 667.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyr face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"song face="Times New Roman Star"ïåñíÿ face="Times New Roman Star"jyr (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jyr face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yr face="Times New Roman Star"jyr (R.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ir face="Times New Roman Star"jyr, jer face="Times New Roman Star"jyr (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jyr (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yr face="Times New Roman Star"z?yr face="Times New Roman Star"jyr face="Times New Roman Star"jyr face="Times New Roman Star"zyr, z?|yr, z?yr face="Times New Roman Star"jyr, ir face="Times New Roman Star"z?yr face="Times New Roman Star"ju"r face="Times New Roman Star"jyr face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 192, VEWT 201, ÝÑÒß 4, 285, TMN 4, 233. The root should be distinguished from *yr (v. sub *i/ru ), although actively contaminating.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jargun face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"some kind of wild quadruped face="Times New Roman Star"âèä äèêîãî ÷åòâåðîíîãîãî face="Times New Roman Star"jarg|un (Orkh., OUygh.-YB ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?arg|yn '2-year-old bear-cub' (Áîðã. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ary 'a producent reindeer' face="Times New Roman Star"jarg|yn 'a mongrel of a yak and cow' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 963.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jin (/*jyn) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"faecal masses (content of intestines) face="Times New Roman Star"ôåêàëüíûå ìàññû (ñîäåðæèìîå êèøîê) face="Times New Roman Star"jin (jin|) (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jin (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|en dial. face="Times New Roman Star"jin, jin| face="Times New Roman Star"n@n face="Times New Roman Star"jin, d/in face="Times New Roman Star"c?in face="Times New Roman Star"z?|in face="Times New Roman Star"z?yn face="Times New Roman Star"jen face="Times New Roman Star"z?in face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 941, VEWT 203, ÝÑÒß 4, 27-28, Ëåêñèêà 148-149.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Apy- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to hide 2 to be cautious 3 caution, precautions face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðÿòàòü 2 áûòü îñòîðîæíûì 3 îñòîðîæíîñòü, ïðåäóñìîòðèòåëüíîñòü face="Times New Roman Star"aby-, abyt- (MK ), abyn- (refl.) (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"abajla-, avajla- (refl.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"abaj 3 face="Times New Roman Star"abajla- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"abajla- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"abajla- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 6, 7, 13.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ury face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"male child, son face="Times New Roman Star"ìàëü÷èê, ñûí face="Times New Roman Star"ury (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ury (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"urtu:s 'boy' (Ïåê. ) face="Times New Roman Star"urum 'descendants (us. male)' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 197, Ëåêñèêà 315.
face="Times New Roman Star"*satan face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"thigh, hip face="Times New Roman Star"áåäðî face="Times New Roman Star"satan face="Times New Roman Star"satan (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"satan face="Times New Roman Star"sodanú 'buttocks, behind' face="Times New Roman Star"satan face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 405, ÝÑÒß 7, Ëåêñèêà 281, Àøì. XI, 211.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAr/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"peace face="Times New Roman Star"ìèð face="Times New Roman Star"baz (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"baz (Qutb , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"bad|-a- 'to be shy' face="Times New Roman Star"baz-a-ma 'shelter, secure place' face="Times New Roman Star"baz; baz-la- 'to comfort, console' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 388 (together with baz 'an alien'), VEWT 62, 66.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sAp ( ? -b) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a turn (to do smth.) face="Times New Roman Star"î÷åðåäü (÷òî-íèáóäü äåëàòü) face="Times New Roman Star"sab (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"sab (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 782, VEWT 401 (erroneously united with sap 'handle').
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:tu"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"boot face="Times New Roman Star"áîòèíîê, ñàïîã face="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"edik face="Times New Roman Star"iti>k face="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (Pav. C. ), o"tu"k (Áîð. Áàä. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) a"dik, o"tik, o"tu"k face="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"k face="Times New Roman Star"a":dik face="Times New Roman Star"o"d@k face="Times New Roman Star"o"du"k face="Times New Roman Star"adú face="Times New Roman Star"eterbes face="Times New Roman Star"eterbes face="Times New Roman Star"idik face="Times New Roman Star"idik face="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"k face="Times New Roman Star"etik face="Times New Roman Star"etik face="Times New Roman Star"etik face="Times New Roman Star"i:tix, itix face="Times New Roman Star"etik face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 50, VEWT 52, ÝÑÒß 1, 319-321, Åãîðîâ 36, Ëåêñèêà 479, Stachowski 48.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bil/c?i- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to stir up, churn (milk, butter) face="Times New Roman Star"ïîìåøèâàòü, âçáèâàòü (ìîëîêî, ìàñëî), ïàõòàòü face="Times New Roman Star"pes?- (Ñèá., Òóìàøåâà 180) face="Times New Roman Star"pis?kak 'churn pestle' face="Times New Roman Star"pis?ek 'churn pestle', -le- 'to churn' face="Times New Roman Star"p@z/er- 'to hit, beat' face="Times New Roman Star"bis- 'to smear' face="Times New Roman Star"bis- 'to smear' face="Times New Roman Star"bys?- / bis?-; bis?kek 'churn-staff for kumis' face="Times New Roman Star"pis- face="Times New Roman Star"piskek 'churn-staff' face="Times New Roman Star"bes?e- 'to churn; to beat', bes?ka"k 'churn-staff' face="Times New Roman Star"pis-; piskek 'a big churn' face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 309-310, Stachowski 61, Àøì. X, 241-242. In a part of languages the root merges with *bil/c?- "to ripen"; it differs from the latter by its original transitivity and consequent front vocalism.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bydyk (*bydn/yk) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"moustache face="Times New Roman Star"óñû face="Times New Roman Star"byd|yq (MK ), byjyq (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"byjyk face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"byg|, myg| (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"byg| face="Times New Roman Star"myjq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"mújúx face="Times New Roman Star"bytyk face="Times New Roman Star"bytyk face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"byjyq face="Times New Roman Star"myjyx face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"myjyq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 73, EDT 301, ÝÑÒß 2, 304, Ëåêñèêà 223, Stachowski 71.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"r/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to break, tear, demolish face="Times New Roman Star"ëîìàòü, ðâàòü, óíè÷òîæàòü face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"u">z- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"uz- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-, juz- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"u"s- face="Times New Roman Star"u"s- face="Times New Roman Star"hu"s-gu"n-, hiz- (u"zgu"n- < Az.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"s- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"u">d|- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"uz/-, iz- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 279-280, VEWT 524, ÝÑÒß 1, 621-622.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"dry face="Times New Roman Star"ñóõîé face="Times New Roman Star"qaq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"dial. kak, kah face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq (Sangl. , Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo|q face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"Gax face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"qaq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 223, ÝÑÒß 5, 218-220, EDT 608.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"mu"l-du"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"breastplate face="Times New Roman Star"íàãðóäíèê face="Times New Roman Star"o.mildiriq face="Times New Roman Star"o"mu"ldu"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"o"mu"ldu"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"o"mildirik face="Times New Roman Star"u"melderek face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 530, Ëåêñèêà 553.
face="Times New Roman Star"*amac? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"plough face="Times New Roman Star"ïëóã face="Times New Roman Star"amac? (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"Osm. amac? face="Times New Roman Star"amac? (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|mo|c? face="Times New Roman Star"amac? face="Times New Roman Star"omac? face="Times New Roman Star"amac? face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 156, TMN 2, 124. Turk. > Pers. a:ma:z?| (see Horn 11 on the lack of Iranian etymology of the Persian word; the derivation in Bailey 326: a:ma:z?| < *ma:tac? is hardly credible), despite Molna/r 2001 (suggesting a different direction); but Chag. (Sangl. ) amaz?| is certainly a backloan < Persian. The word is also present in Armen. mac? 'plough handle', where it is most probably < Iranian.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sa:b face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"word, speech face="Times New Roman Star"ñëîâî, ðå÷ü face="Times New Roman Star"sab (Orkh.), sav (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"sav (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sav face="Times New Roman Star"sav (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"sa:v-c?y 'matchmaker', dial. sa:w face="Times New Roman Star"sabyr (bic?ig) 'áîãàòûðñêîå ïèñüìî' face="Times New Roman Star"súw|vúw| 'verse, poem' face="Times New Roman Star"so:z?|i 'matchmaker' (ÑÑß ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 391, EDT 782-783, ÝÑÒß 7, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 20.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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